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共謀罪に抗して/OS/Debian/Tips

2,641 バイト追加, 2018年4月22日 (日) 17:20
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== Debian Tips ==

Debianを使う上で知っておくと便利なことを集めました。

=== Backportsから新バージョンのパッケージを利用する ===

Debian安定版に収録されているパッケージは、安定性を維持するために基本的にバージョンが上がることはありません。
脆弱性などセキュリティ上の問題が発生した場合は、同じバージョンでバージョンを維持しつつセキュリティ問題のみ修正したバージョンにアップデートされます。

とはいえ、安定した環境を維持しつつ新しいバージョンで追加された新機能が使えるパッケージを利用したいこともあります。
そのために用意されているのが[https://backports.debian.org/ Debian backports]です。

使い方は、backportsリポジトリを有効にして、パッケージを指定してインストールします。


==== コマンドラインでも大丈夫な人向け情報 ====

viなどで ''/etc/apt/sources.list'' に以下のapt-lineを追記してください。

$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

以下を追記する。

deb http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian/ stretch-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.jp.debian.org/debian/ stretch-backports main contrib non-free

その後、以下のコマンドでパッケージをインストールします。

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt -t stretch-backports install (パッケージ名)

インストール時に明示的にbackportsリポジトリからインストールをするオプション ''-t stretch-backports'' を付けないと、通常のリポジトリからインストールされるのでご注意ください。

=== ブラウザからパッケージやパッケージに含まれているファイルを探したい ===

パッケージを検索するための https://packages.debian.org/ が用意されているのでこちらにアクセスして、パッケージ名やファイルを検索します。

=== バグ報告を探したい ===

バグ報告を検索するにはBTS(Bug Tracking System)の https://bugs.debian.org/ にアクセスして検索してください。
パッケージ名が分かっている場合は https://bugs.debian.org/パッケージ名 でアクセスすると直接パッケージのバグ報告を読むことができます。

=== 古いバージョンのパッケージを探したい ===

日々変わるパッケージのスナップショットを保存している https://snapshot.debian.org/ が用意されているので、こちらから探してください。
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